Acne: Trouble Over the Counter - Benzoyl Peroxide Banned by European Union

There are many over the counter (OTC)form of allergic dermatitis or asthmatic attacks.
preparations for treatment of acne. Sold asDiisopropanolamine may release carcinogenic
lotions, gels, creams, and cleansers, OTC productsnitrosamine compounds.While, benzoyl peroxide
can be a precarious buy and consumers should becan be used for short-term treatment of mild
aware that chemicals applied to the skin can alsoacne in the US, its long-term use has the potential
be absorbed into the body. The potential adverseto damage skin. On the whole, safer options that
effects of chemical agents make natural skin careallow natural resolution of acne are recommended.
products seem more attractive.This is especiallyNatural alternatives to benzoyl peroxide are
true for skin conditions such as acne and rosaceacalendula or tea tree oil (Bassett et al. 1990).
as harsh chemicals may only worsen matters.Psidium guajava and Juglans regia leaf extracts
Synthetic chemicals can induce unnecessarywere found to be beneficial in treating acne
inflammation beyond the confines of the(Qadan et al. 2005). Granulysin peptides were also
sebaceous glands resulting in acne scars.found to be effective against P. acne and may
Additionally, some chemicals can even beform an alternative therapy against acne in future
absorbed into the skin and have varying levels of(McInturff et al. 2005).If acne are severe and not
systemic toxicity.Benzoyl peroxide, the first topicalamenable to benzoyl peroxide treatment, one
agent for acne vulgaris, remains the most widelyshould consult a dermatologist for prescription
used OTC acne treatment in the United States. Itdrugs like topical retinoids (Tretinoin, Adapalene
is inexpensive to manufacture and widelyand Tazarotene), topical antibiotics (clindamycin,
marketed. Benzoyl peroxide dissolves comedonserythromycin), oral isotretinoin, oral antibiotics
and has bactericidal effect by oxidizing proteins of(doxycycline, minocycline).References:
the offending microbe, P. acne (Leyden, 1997).1. Leyden JJ (1997) Therapy for acne vulgaris.
Though it may be effective for mild acne, benzoylNew England Journal of Medicine 336, 1156-62.
peroxide is not free from adverse effects2. Ives TJ (1992) Benzoyl peroxide, Am Pharm
according to the European Commission.The mostNS32 (8), 33-8.
common adverse effect is extreme dryness and3. Kraus AL, Munro IC, Orr JC, Binder RL,
premature aging of skin of skin. It can also causesLeBoeuf RA, Williams GM (1995) Benzoyl peroxide:
irritation, stinging, burning and peeling of skin. Aan integrated human safety assessment for
formulation containing 2.5% benzoyl peroxide wascarcinogenicity, Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 21,
found to have less burning and peeling of skin as87-107.
compared with 5% or 10% benzoyl peroxide (Mills4. Mills OH Jr, Kligman AM, Pochi P, Comite H
et al. 1986). Allergic contact dermatitis was found(1986) Comparing 2.5%, 5%, and 10% benzoyl
in 1-2% patients using benzoyl peroxide (Ives,peroxide on inflammatory acne vulgaris, Int J
1992). It can cause bleaching of hair andDermatol 25, 664-7.
clothing.Temporary skin discoloration may occur if5. Bassett IB, Pannowitz DL, Barnetson RS
benzoyl peroxide is used with sunscreen containing(1990) A comparative study of tea-tree oil versus
para-amino benzoic acid (PABA). Similarlybenzoylperoxide in the treatment of acne. Med J
concomitant use of benzoyl peroxide with tretinoinAust, 153: 455-8.
can lead to severe irritation of skin. Benzoyl6. Qadan F, Thewaini AJ, Ali DA, Afifi R,
peroxide should not be used in pregnancy as itsElkhawad A, Matalka KZ (2005) The antimicrobial
safety during pregnancy is not documented. Theactivities of Psidium guajava and Juglans regia leaf
safety in breast-feeding women and children isextracts to acne-
also not established.In animal studies, it was hasdeveloping organisms. Am J Chin Med 33,197-204.
found to induce skin cancer after 1 year of use
(Kraus et al. 1995). Long-term studies are needed7. McInturff JE, Wang SJ, Machleidt T, Lin TR,
to profile its adverse effect in humans. BenzoylOren A, Hertz CJ, Krutzik SR, Hart S, Zeh K,
peroxide has been banned for use in cosmeticsAnderson DH, Gallo RL, Modlin RL, Kim J (2005)
by the European Union. OTC Acne treatmentsGranulysin-derived peptides demonstrate
that contain benzoyl peroxide are included in thisantimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects against
ban throughout Europe.Acne preparations made ofPropionibacterium acnes. J Invest Dermatol 125,
benzoyl peroxide may contain various other256-63.James Dalton is a freelance writer
chemical ingredients. Glycolic acid is a photospecializing in skin conditions including acne,
sensitizer and may be toxic to gastrointestinalrosacea, and eczema.
system, nervous system and kidneys.Visit for more information regarding natural skin
Triethanolamine can form carcinogenic nitrosaminecare solutions including effective acne treatment
compounds on the skin or in the body afterand rosacea treatment for sensitive skin.
absorption. It may also elicit immune reaction in